英語語音常見問題及對策

1、,,英語語音常見問題及對策,,語音的重要性,1. 第一印象2. 對教師本身素養(yǎng)要求，對學(xué)生的影響,影響語音的因素,1. 母語，拼音，方言 e.g. /t/ /m/ team /∫/ /?:/ short 陜西方言2. 不了解讀音規(guī)則，從開始養(yǎng)成了錯誤的發(fā)音習(xí)慣。one two three four five six seven eight n

2、ine ten,常見錯誤及對策,A. 常見發(fā)音錯誤1. 不清楚發(fā)音方式，想當(dāng)然發(fā)音e.g. /i:/ /m/記清發(fā)音方式，才可能正確發(fā)音,,2. 有針對性的訓(xùn)練易受受母語、拼音或方言等影響而誤發(fā)的音e.g. 陜西話影響 爆破音 個別音直接改變音質(zhì)或無法發(fā)出 /t/ /t∫?/ /r/ road

3、, rose /?/ usually,,3. 一些組合音難點e.g. 雙元音加鼻音/aun/ down round crown/?in/ coin/ain/ nine/ein/ pain strange,,4. 近似音區(qū)分e.g. [n] [η] kin/ king son/sung

4、 [e] [æ] pen/pan letter/latter [w] [u] [?] [a:] cut/ cart [i] [j] [i] [e] [æ] [ai] [ε?] [ai?] [hε?] [hai?],其他常見錯誤,詞重音

5、輔音群節(jié)奏省音連讀弱讀語調(diào),詞重音 word stress,the extra strength we give to a certain part of a word試讀下列詞匯雙音節(jié)詞： increase comfort反身代詞：herself多音節(jié)詞： furniture interfere manufacture imm

6、ediately大多數(shù)多音節(jié)單詞的重音在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)上。如果單詞有次重音，一般在倒數(shù)第五個音節(jié)上。e'conomy ,oppor’tunity,,添加后綴：interfere—interference accident—accidental添加前綴：appear—disappear復(fù)合詞：flashlight 有些合成詞、譯名或者帶有前綴的單詞

7、有時還有雙重音 'out'side 'Ber'lin 'white-'haired 'ex-'wife 專有名詞： United States節(jié)日： mother’s day短語：point out turn around get out of,,washing machine

8、dancing girlsswimming fishreading glasses,輔音群consonant clusters,the cluster of two or more consonants in one syllable (without any vowels between/ among them)flu [flu:]street [stri:t]sixths [siksθs],,Probl

9、em analysisa. e.g. blue screenb. [pl] people['pi:pl] apple['æpl] [bl] pebble['pebl] able['eibl] [tl] little['litl] rattle['rætl] [d

10、l] middle['midl] fiddle['fidl] [kl] pickle['pikl] ancle['??kl] [gl] single['si?gl] giggle['gigl] [nl] channel['t?ænl] final['fai

11、nl] [ml] animal['æniml] formal['f?:ml],2024/3/16,,c. [tn] button['b?tn] certain['s?tn] [dn] sudden['s?dn] garden['ga:dn] [sn] listen['lisn]

12、 loosen['lusn] [zn] dozen['d?zn] cousin['k?zn]d. [tθ] eighth[eitθ] [dθ] width[widθ]e. [zndθ] thousandth['θauzndθ]f. [tw] tweed[twi:d] twenty[‘twenti]

13、 [dw] dwell[dwel] dwarf[dw?:f] [kw] quality ['kw?liti] quick[kwik],節(jié)奏 rhythm 節(jié)奏群rhythm unit,Rhythm in English speech is based on stress.It’s the pattern or flow of sound created by the a

14、rrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables.中英節(jié)奏對比面包和牛奶bread and milkJane and her motherCome and get it.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.,,An apple a day keeps the doctor away./? An /‘a(chǎn)pple a /‘day keeps t

15、he /‘doctor a’/way.A. /Pendlebury!/ ?/ Pendlebury! /?/?/?/ PENDLEBURY!!!B. /?/Pendlebury /isn’t in the/ office on a /Saturday, and—/?/Pendlebury/ isn’t in the/ office on a Monday and a /Tuesday and a /Wednesday and a

16、/Thursday and a /Friday, and so /Pendlebury’s—A./Fired?B. /Definitely.,省音elision,the disappearance of certain phonemes in spoken EnglishE.g. go away temperature mostly He helped me.,Contract

17、ion縮略語,I’m [aim]his[hiz]John’s[d??nz]Jack’s[d?æks],she’s[?iz]isn’t[‘iznt]you’re[ju(r)]they’re[ðε?(r)],,we’re[wi?]aren’t[a:nt]haven’t[‘hævnt]it’d[it?d],hadn’t[‘hædnt]wouldn’t[‘w

18、udnt]should’ve[‘?ud?v]could’ve, must’ve, would’ve,,It’ll[‘itl]Won’t[w?unt]I’ve[aiv]You’ve[juv],,連讀link-up,joining words togethera. e.g. post officeb. e.g. the idea of the sofa over therec.

19、 e.g. next topicd. e.g. Just do it. He ate some eggs.e. e.g. there is/are…,,,1. After [i:], [i] and diphthongs [ei], [ai], and [?i], we can add a very gentle [j] as the link. e.g. my uncle

20、 she is2. After [u:], [u] and diphthongs [?u] and [au], we can add a gentle [w] as the link.e.g. how old how often,弱讀 weak form,怎樣弱讀？a. to change the vowels into the weak form— /i/ /?/ b.

21、 to make the long vowels shorter e.g. [hi:] [hi] c. omit the vowel e.g. have [?v] [v],,When do we use the weak form?Determiners, auxiliary verbs, be, preps, pronouns, etc,,a: a pen

22、cilan: an answersome: some morethem: Tell them what to do.us: Let us go.of: a bottle of waterto: go to the cinemafor: for some sunshinefrom: from them, from school,,at: look at them, at collegeand: I’d like a W

23、hisky, and a Whisky and water.but: I’d like to. But I can’t.than: Rose is prettier than Jenny and richer than Jenny. Why do I like Rose more than Jenny?that: We know that we face difficulties.as: as cunning as a fox

24、am: Why am I leaving? Where am I going?are: These are the best.was: He was kind.,,has: My watch has stopped. [h?z] [?z] [z]have: They have been moved away.had: All our money had gone. [?d] [d]does: Where does he

25、 live? [?z] [z]shall: When shall we meet? [??l] [?l]can: She can write poems. [k?n] [kn]must: You must confess. [m?st,m?s] [mst,ms],語調(diào) intonation,Intonation refers to the total pattern of pitch ch

26、angesIntonation can convey meaning.rising, falling, falling-rising,,An intonation unit usually corresponds to a sense group.Nucleus refers to the syllable in an intonation unit which carries maximal prominence.I am

27、 WRIting a LET ter to him. P H N T,演講注意事項,演講稿a. 開門見山，要點清晰，邏輯性強，說理充分，材料新穎b. 用詞準(zhǔn)確，勿用過于生僻的詞匯c. 可以添加標(biāo)志性語句,2024/3/16,,2. 演講中a. 發(fā)音、語調(diào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)b. 感情充沛c. 流利，但語速切忌過快，突出要點d. 語調(diào)不能過于單調(diào)，抓住聽眾注意力e.